American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
ANSI is the primary organization that is responsible for coordinating the activities of all other standard writing organizations. ANSI primarily reviews and certifies that the standards are correct. ANSI has established specific guidelines for the formation of other standard bodies such as ASME and AWS. Recently, several ANSI piping standards (B31.1, B31.3, B31.4 and B31.8) have been reclassified as ASME documents.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
ASME Codes are among the most widely used in the petrochemical industry and they govern items such as pressure vessels, boilers, and piping.
The following is a list of the ASME Codes
1. ASME Code B31.1
2. ASME Code B31.3
3. ASME Code B31.4
4. ASME Code B31.8
5. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I
6. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IV
7. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V
8. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII
ASME Code B31.1- Power Piping
Pertains to the design, materials, fabrication, test, and inspection of power and auxiliary piping. Typical systems include steam, water, gas, oil, and air services that support electric power generation.
ASME Code B31.3 - Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping
Pertains to the design, materials, fabrication, test, and inspection of chemical piping systems. Typical applications include on-plot stripping steam, crude oil, acid, caustic, sour water, and cooling systems that are used to refine petroleum products.
ASME Code B31.4 - Liquid Transportation Systems for Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia, and Alcohols
Pertains to the design, construction, inspection, testing, operation, and maintenance of liquid petroleum and anhydrous ammonia piping systems. Typical applications include off-shore and off-plot cross-country pipelines, terminals, and tank farms.
ASME Code B31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
Pertains to the design, fabrication, installation, inspection, testing, and operation of gas transmission and distribution systems (including gas pipelines), gas compressor stations, and gas metering and regulating stations.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I - Power Boilers
Pertains to the design, material selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and certification of power boilers that exceed 15 psi for steam service and that exceed 160 psi and/or 250oF for hot water service.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IV - Heating Boilers
Pertains to the design, material selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and certification of heating boilers that do not exceed 15 psi for steam service or that do not exceed 160 psi and 250oF for hot water service.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V - Nondestructive Examination
Provides requirements and methods for NDT that include radiographic, ultrasonic, liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, eddy current, visual examination, leak testing, and acoustic emission.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII - Pressure Vessels
Pertains to the design, material selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and certification of pressure vessels. The three classes of pressure vessels that are covered by this code are welded, forged, and brazed. Typical applications include steam generators, heat exchangers, hydrocrackers, fractionation towers, reformer reactors, and other components that are designed to contain fluids or vapors at high temperatures and pressures.
American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT)
ASNT is an organization that is dedicated to NDT. ASNT organizes and distributes technical information that is specific to NDT.
ASNT SNT-TC-1A - Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing: Provides requirements for the qualification and certification of NDT personnel.
American Welding Society (AWS)
The AWS is an organization that provides standards for the welded fabrication of structures and bridges with structural steel and sheet metal.
AWS D1.1 - Structural Welding Code: Provides acceptance standards and welding requirements for buildings, bridges, and tubular structures. The requirements for the qualification of weld procedures and welders also are included in this Code.
American Petroleum Institute (API)
1. API 510
2. API 620
3. API 650
4. API RP-2A
API 510 - Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
Provides requirements for the maintenance inspection, repair, alteration, and relating procedures for pressure vessels that are used by the petroleum and chemical process industries.
API 620 - Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
Pertains to the design and construction of large, low pressure, above ground storage tanks. Typical applications include the storage of gases or vapors that results from refining operations.
API 650 - Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage
Provides material, design, fabrication, and testing requirements for above ground atmospheric tanks. Typical applications include the storage of crude and other liquid petroleum products.
API RP-2A - Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing, and Constructing Fixed Off- Shore Platforms:Provides a guide for the design and construction of drilling platforms.
Visit the following links to know more about international standards
All the above are registered trade/service marks of the respective institute/society. Consult the concerned Society/Institute stated above for buying the above codes, standards, specifications related to nondestructive testing-NDT
ASME www.asme.orgASNT www.asnt.orgASTM www.astm.orgAPI www.api.orgISO www.iso.chEN www.cen.eu All the above are registered trade/service marks of the respective institute/society. Consult the concerned Society/Institute stated above for buying the above codes, standards, specifications related to nondestructive testing-NDT
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